Contents

• 系统批量运维管理器pexpect

  • pexpect应用示例

19.2. 系统批量运维管理器pexpect

pip安装

pip install pexpect
easy_install pexpect

源码安装

#wget https://github.com/pexpect/pexpect/releases/download/3.0/pexpect-3.0.tar.gz -O pexpect-3.0.tar.gz
#tar -zxvf pexpect-3.0.tar.gz
#cd pexpect-3.0
#python setup.py install

19.2.1. pexpect应用示例

01.实现SSH自动登录示例.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
# auther; 18793
# Date：2019/8/17 17:33
# filename: 01.实现SSH自动登录示例.py
from pexpect import pxssh


def send_command(s, cmd):
    s.sendline(cmd)
    s.prompt()
    print(s.before)


def connect(host, user, password):
    try:
        s = pxssh.pxssh()
        s.login(host, user, password)
        return s
    except:
        print("error")
        exit(0)


def main():
    s = connect('192.168.0.100', 'root', 'admin#123')
    send_command(s, 'whoami')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

02.实现ssh远程02.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
# auther; 18793
# Date：2019/8/17 17:44
# filename: 02.实现ssh远程02.py
import pexpect
import sys

# 通过spawn类启动和控制子应用程序
child = pexpect.spawn('ssh root@192.168.0.100')
# 将pexpect的输入输出信息写到mylog.txt文件中
fout = open('mylog.txt', 'w')
child.logfile = fout

child.expect(['password:'])
# 字符串匹配则使用sendline进行回应-----send：发送命令，不回车、sendline：发送命令，回车、sendcontrol：发送控制符，如：sendctrol('c')等价于‘ctrl+c'、sendeof：发送eof
child.sendline('admin#123')
child.expect("#")
child.sendline('ls /home')
child.expect("#")
print("before:" + child.before)
print("after:" + child.after)

03.simple1.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf8 -*-
# auther; 18793
# Date：2019/8/17 18:04
# filename: 03.simple1.py
from pexpect import pxssh
import getpass
try:
    s = pxssh.pxssh()
    hostname = raw_input('hostname: ')
    username = raw_input('username: ')
    password = getpass.getpass('password: ')
    s.login (hostname, username, password)
    s.sendline ('uptime')  # run a command
    s.prompt()             # match the prompt
    print s.before         # print everything before the prompt.
    s.sendline ('ls -l')
    s.prompt()
    print s.before
    s.sendline ('df')
    s.prompt()
    print s.before
    s.logout()
except pxssh.ExceptionPxssh, e:
    print "pxssh failed on login."
    print str(e)

实现一个自动化FTP操作

from __future__ import unicode_literals

import pexpect
import sys

child = pexpect.spawnu('ftp ftp.openbsd.org')
child.expect('(?i)name .*: ')
child.sendline('anonymous')
child.expect('(?i)password')
child.sendline('pexpect@sourceforge.net')
child.expect('ftp> ')
child.sendline('bin')
child.expect('ftp> ')
child.sendline('get robots.txt')
child.expect('ftp> ')
sys.stdout.write (child.before)
print("Escape character is '^]'.\n")
sys.stdout.write (child.after)
sys.stdout.flush()
child.interact() # Escape character defaults to ^]
child.sendline('bye')
child.close()

远程文件自动打包并下载

import sys

ip="192.168.1.21"
user="root"
passwd="H6DSY#*$df32"
target_file="/data/logs/nginx_access.log"

child = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/ssh', [user+'@'+ip])
fout = file('mylog.txt','w')
child.logfile = fout

try:
    child.expect('(?i)password')
    child.sendline(passwd)
    child.expect('#')
    child.sendline('tar -czf /data/nginx_access.tar.gz '+target_file)
    child.expect('#')
    print child.before
    child.sendline('exit')
    fout.close()
except EOF:
    print "expect EOF"
except TIMEOUT:
    print "expect TIMEOUT"

child = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/scp', [user+'@'+ip+':/data/nginx_access.tar.gz','/home'])
fout = file('mylog.txt','a')
child.logfile = fout
try:
    child.expect('(?i)password')
    child.sendline(passwd)
    child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
except EOF:
    print "expect EOF"
except TIMEOUT:
    print "expect TIMEOUT"